6 Layeri Pcb itanga amashanyarazi hamwe nibibazo byurusaku rwamashanyarazi

Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere kandi ibikoresho bikarushaho kuba ingorabahizi, kwemeza amashanyarazi ahamye bigenda biba ngombwa.Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane kuri 6-PCBs, aho imbaraga zihamye hamwe nibibazo byurusaku bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubohereza ibimenyetso byoroshye no gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi. Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzasesengura ingamba zitandukanye zo gukemura neza ibyo bibazo.

1. Sobanukirwa n'itangwa ry'amashanyarazi:

Amashanyarazi ahamye bivuga ubushobozi bwo gutanga voltage ihoraho hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoronike kuri PCB. Imihindagurikire iyo ari yo yose cyangwa impinduka mu mbaraga zishobora gutera ibyo bice gukora nabi cyangwa kwangirika. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kumenya no gukosora ibibazo byose bihamye.

2. Menya ibibazo by'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi:

Urusaku rwamashanyarazi ni impinduka zidakenewe muri voltage cyangwa urwego rwubu kuri PCB. Uru rusaku rushobora kubangamira imikorere isanzwe yibice byoroshye, bigatera amakosa, imikorere mibi, cyangwa imikorere itesha agaciro. Kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo nk'ibi, ni ngombwa kumenya no kugabanya ibibazo by'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi.

3. Ikoranabuhanga ryibanze:

Imwe mumpamvu nyamukuru zitera itangwa ryumuriro nibibazo byurusaku nuguhagarara nabi. Gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bukwiye bwo gutaka birashobora guteza imbere cyane ituze no kugabanya urusaku. Tekereza gukoresha indege ihamye kuri PCB kugirango ugabanye imirongo yubutaka kandi urebe neza ko ishobora gukoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha indege zubutaka zitandukanye kubigereranya nibice bya digitale birinda urusaku.

4. Gukuramo ubushobozi:

Gukuramo ubushobozi bwa capacitori byashyizwe kuri PCB ikurura kandi ikayungurura urusaku rwinshi, bigatezimbere. Izi capacator zikora nkibigega byingufu zaho, bitanga imbaraga mukanya kubice mugihe cyigihe gito. Mugushira ubushobozi bwa decoupling hafi yimbaraga za IC, sisitemu ihamye nibikorwa birashobora kunozwa cyane.

5. Umuyoboro muke wo gukwirakwiza inzitizi:

Gutegura imiyoboro ikwirakwiza amashanyarazi make (PDNs) ni ngombwa mu kugabanya urusaku rw'amashanyarazi no gukomeza umutekano. Tekereza gukoresha inzira nini cyangwa indege z'umuringa kumirongo y'amashanyarazi kugirango ugabanye inzitizi. Byongeye kandi, gushyira capacitor ya bypass hafi yamashanyarazi no kwemeza imbaraga z'amashanyarazi magufi birashobora kurushaho kunoza imikorere ya PDN.

6. Gushungura no gukingira ikoranabuhanga:

Kurinda ibimenyetso byoroshye urusaku rwamashanyarazi, ni ngombwa gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo kuyungurura no gukingira. Koresha akayunguruzo gato-kayunguruzo kugirango uhuze urusaku rwinshi mugihe wemera ibimenyetso wifuza kunyuramo. Gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo gukingira nkindege zubutaka, gufunga umuringa, cyangwa insinga zikingiwe birashobora kugabanya guhuza urusaku no kwivanga biva hanze.

7. Urwego rwigenga rwigenga:

Mubisabwa na voltage nyinshi, birasabwa gukoresha indege zingufu zitandukanye kurwego rwa voltage zitandukanye. Uku kwigunga kugabanya ibyago byo guhuza urusaku hagati ya voltage zitandukanye, bigatuma amashanyarazi ahagarara neza. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha tekinoroji ikwiye yo kwigunga, nka transformateur yonyine cyangwa optocouplers, irashobora kurushaho kunoza umutekano no kugabanya ibibazo bijyanye n urusaku.

8. Mbere yo kwigana no gusesengura imiterere:

Gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwigana no gukora isesengura ryimbere birashobora gufasha kumenya gutuza hamwe nibibazo byurusaku mbere yo kurangiza igishushanyo cya PCB. Ibi bikoresho bisuzuma ubudakemwa bwimbaraga, ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso, nibibazo bya electromagnetic bihuza (EMC). Ukoresheje uburyo bwo gushushanya bwifashishwa muburyo bwo kwigana, umuntu arashobora gukemura ibibazo kandi agahindura imiterere ya PCB kugirango yongere imikorere.

Mu gusoza:

Kugenzura niba amashanyarazi atajegajega no kugabanya urusaku rw'amashanyarazi ni ibintu by'ingenzi byifashishwa mu gushushanya neza PCB, cyane cyane mu kohereza ibimenyetso byoroshye no gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi. Mugukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo gushingira, gukoresha ubushobozi bwa decoupling capacator, gushushanya imiyoboro ikwirakwizwa rito, gukoresha ingamba zo kuyungurura no gukingira, no gukora simulation nisesengura bihagije, ibyo bibazo birashobora gukemurwa neza kandi amashanyarazi ahamye kandi yizewe aragerwaho. Wibuke ko imikorere no kuramba bya PCB byateguwe neza biterwa cyane no kwita kumashanyarazi no kugabanya urusaku.