Igishushanyo mbonera cya PCB: Nigute nakwemeza kugenzura neza impedance?

Ba injeniyeri benshi nabashushanya akenshi bahura nibibazo byo kugenzura imbogamizi mubishushanyo mbonera bya PCB. Iyi ngingo ikomeye ituma ibimenyetso byerekana neza kandi bikora neza byumuzunguruko. Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzaganira kuburyo butandukanye nuburyo bugufasha kugufasha kugenzura neza impedance mugushushanya kwa PCB.

1. Sobanukirwa n'ibanze byo kugenzura inzitizi

Impedance ni inzitizi yumuzunguruko kumugezi uhindagurika (AC). Mu gishushanyo cya PCB, kugenzura inzitizi bivuga kugumana agaciro kihariye kerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso neza. Ipimwa muri ohms kandi akenshi isaba kugenzura neza kugirango wirinde kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso nibindi bibazo byimikorere.

2. Tekereza kuri PCB

Gutondekanya imbaho ​​zikomeye-flex zifite ingaruka zikomeye mugucunga inzitizi. Byitondewe gutondekanya neza byerekana ko umuzenguruko wose ugera kurwego rwifuzwa. Kugirango ubigereho, ni ngombwa guhitamo witonze umubare nubwoko bwibice, ibikoresho bya dielectric, nubunini bwabyo. Ibikoresho nka software yerekana ibimenyetso birashobora gufasha kumenya ibipimo bisabwa kugirango igenzurwe neza.

3. Shushanya ibitekerezo byubugari bwumwanya hamwe nintera

Kurikirana ubugari n'umwanya bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kugenzura inzitizi. Inzira ntoya muri rusange ifite impedance nyinshi, mugihe inzira nini zifite impedance nkeya. Ni ngombwa kubara ubugari bwibisabwa bisabwa hashingiwe ku mbogamizi zisabwa no kwemeza intera ihagije hagati y’inzira zegeranye kugira ngo wirinde kunyura mu bindi bimenyetso.

4. Kugenzura ibikoresho bya dielectric

Guhitamo ibikoresho bya dielectric nabyo bigira uruhare runini mugucunga inzitizi. Ibikoresho bitandukanye bifite dielectric itandukanye, bigira ingaruka kubiranga inzitizi. Guhitamo ibikoresho bya dielectric bigenzurwa bituma habaho kugenzura neza impedance. Birasabwa kugisha inama abatanga ibikoresho no gukoresha ibisobanuro byabo kugirango babare neza impedance.

5. Gushyira neza ibice

Gushyira neza ibice birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kugenzura inzitizi. Gushyira ibice byihuta byihuta bigabanya uburebure bwibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kudahuza. Ibi ntabwo bitezimbere gusa ubudakemwa bwibimenyetso ahubwo binagabanya muri rusange igishushanyo mbonera.

6. Impedance yagenzuwe na tekinoroji yo kuyobora

Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji naryo rifite uruhare runini mugushikira kugenzura inzitizi. Ubwoko butandukanye bwibimenyetso, nka microstrip cyangwa stripline, bifite ibimenyetso biranga inzitizi. Koresha umurongo ngenderwaho utangwa nuwabikoze hamwe na software yigana kugirango uyobore neza ibimenyetso byihuta mugihe ukomeje inzitizi zisabwa.

7. Kugenzura no kwigana inzitizi

Kugirango hamenyekane neza kugenzura inzitizi, indangagaciro zibarwa zigomba kugenzurwa no kwigana. Ibikoresho byo kwigana ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso birashobora gufasha gusesengura imyitwarire yibimenyetso mugushushanya no kumenya ibibazo bishobora guterwa nimbogamizi. Mugereranya ibintu bitandukanye, urashobora kugenzura igishushanyo cyawe hanyuma ugahindura ibikenewe kugirango ugenzure neza.

8. Korana ninzobere mu gukora PCB

Gukorana numufatanyabikorwa wuburambe wa PCB birashobora gutanga ubushishozi muburyo bwo kugenzura neza inzitizi. Barashobora gutanga inama kubushobozi bwo gukora, guhitamo ibikoresho, no gufasha mukugerageza impedance. Ubuhanga bwabo butuma ibicuruzwa byanyuma byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.

Muncamake, kugenzura neza inzitizi ningirakamaro kugirango tumenye neza ibimenyetso byerekana neza imikorere no gukora muburyo bukomeye bwa PCB. Mugusobanukirwa ibyibanze, urebye stackup, ubugari bwumwanya hamwe nintera, ukoresheje ibikoresho bya dielectric bigenzurwa, guhitamo uburyo bwo gushyira ibice, gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo kuyobora, hamwe no kwigana igishushanyo, urashobora kwemeza ko ugera kubigenzurwa byifuzwa mugushushanya kwa PCB. Gukorana ninzobere mu gukora PCB birashobora kongera igipimo cyitsinzi cyibishushanyo byawe.