Iremeza ituze kandi igabanya urusaku muri 12-PCBs kubimenyetso byoroshye, porogaramu zikoresha imbaraga nyinshi

Ikibaho cyumuzingi ninkingi yibikoresho byose bya elegitoronike, bishyigikira urujya n'uruza rw'ibimenyetso n'imbaraga. Ariko,iyo bigeze kubishushanyo mbonera nkibibaho 12-byifashishwa mugukwirakwiza ibimenyetso byoroshye no gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi, amashanyarazi atuje hamwe nibibazo byurusaku birashobora kuba ikibazo. Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzasesengura ibisubizo bifatika kugirango dukemure ibyo bibazo kandi tumenye imikorere myiza.

Gutanga amashanyarazi birakomeye mumuzunguruko wa elegitoronike, kuko ihindagurika cyangwa guhagarika bishobora gutera imikorere mibi cyangwa kwangirika burundu.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, urusaku rushobora kubangamira kohereza ibimenyetso, bigatera amakosa no kugabanya imikorere ya sisitemu muri rusange. Ukurikije aya mabwiriza, urashobora kunoza imikorere no kwizerwa mugihe ukoresheje imbaho ​​12 zumuzunguruko mubisabwa byoroshye.

1. Tegura gukwirakwiza ingufu neza:Gukwirakwiza ingufu neza ningirakamaro mugukemura ibibazo nibibazo byurusaku. Tangira usesenguye witonze imbaraga zumuzunguruko kandi utezimbere ingamba zo gukwirakwiza. Menya imbaraga zikomeye zingirakamaro kandi urebe ko zifite indege zamashanyarazi zabigenewe cyangwa zikwirakwiza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi. Uku kwigunga bifasha gukumira urusaku igice kimwe kibangamira ikindi, bityo bikagabanya ruswa yerekana ibimenyetso.

2. Hindura uburyo bwo gukuramo ubushobozi:Gukuramo ubushobozi bugira uruhare runini muguhagarika amashanyarazi no kugabanya urusaku. Izi capacator zibika ingufu z'amashanyarazi kandi zikayirekura mugihe gikenewe gitunguranye, bigatuma urwego ruhoraho rwa voltage. Kugirango uhindure neza, shyira muburyo bwa capacitori hafi yimbaraga nubutaka bwibintu byoroshye. Uruvange rwibikoresho bifite agaciro kanini kandi murwego rwo hejuru murusobekerane rwitondewe rutanga decoupling neza murwego rwagutse.

3. Gushyira ibice byitondewe:Gushyira ibice ni ikintu gikomeye cyo kugabanya urusaku. Tangira ushyira ibice byinshi byumuvuduko, nka oscillator hamwe na generator yisaha, hafi yumuriro w'amashanyarazi bishoboka. Ibi bice byoroshye cyane urusaku, kandi kubishyira hafi yumuriro w'amashanyarazi bigabanya amahirwe yo guhuza urusaku. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, komeza ibice byoroshye bitarangwamo urusaku, imbaraga-ndende, cyangwa izindi nkomoko zishobora kwivanga.

4. Ibitekerezo byo gutondekanya ibice:Ibikoresho bikwiye gutondekanya ni ngombwa mu kugabanya urusaku n’ibibazo byo kohereza amashanyarazi. Tekereza kongeramo imbaraga hamwe nindege zubutaka hagati yikimenyetso kugirango utezimbere ibimenyetso kandi ugabanye inzira nyabagendwa. Byongeye kandi, gutandukanya ibimenyetso byumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso ubishyira mubice bitandukanye bifasha gukumira urusaku. Mugihe cyo kumenya neza stack-up iboneza, nibyiza gukorana numushinga wuburambe wa PCB.

5. Kugenzura igishushanyo mbonera:Kudahuza impedance birashobora kwerekana ibimenyetso byerekana no gutesha agaciro imikorere. Mugihe cyohereza ibimenyetso byoroshye, kugenzura inzitizi biba ingenzi. Menya neza ko ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bifite ubugari bukwiye, intera, nuburinganire bwumuringa kugirango ugere ku mbogamizi zisabwa. Mugukomeza inzitizi zagenzuwe mumuzunguruko, urashobora kugabanya kugoreka ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuziranenge bwamakuru.

6. Gukingira neza EMI / EMC:Kwivanga kwa Electromagnetic (EMI) hamwe no guhuza amashanyarazi (EMC) birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yumuzunguruko. Koresha uruzitiro ruyobora kugirango ukingire ibice byoroshye cyangwa ukoreshe ibyuma bikingiwe ibyuma kugirango ugabanye ingaruka za EMI. Byongeye kandi, koresha uburyo bukwiye bwo guhaguruka nko guhanagura inyenyeri cyangwa gukoresha indege yubutaka kugirango urusheho kugabanya ibibazo by urusaku.

7. Kwipimisha no gusesengura byuzuye:Nyuma yumuzunguruko wumuzunguruko umaze gukorwa, ikizamini cyuzuye kirakorwa kugirango hamenyekane imikorere yacyo. Koresha ibikoresho nka oscilloscopes, abasesengura ibintu, hamwe na software yerekana ibimenyetso kugirango usesengure ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso, imbaraga zihamye, nurwego rw urusaku. Menya aho uhangayikishije kandi uhindure igishushanyo cyawe. Binyuze mu kugerageza no gusesengura, urashobora kugera ku ntego yawe nziza no gukora urusaku.

Ukurikije aya mabwiriza, urashobora gukemura neza imbaraga zumutekano hamwe nibibazo byurusaku kumabaho 12 yumuzunguruko, cyane cyane mugukwirakwiza ibimenyetso byoroshye no gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi. Wibuke ko igenamigambi ryitondewe, gukwirakwiza ingufu zikwiye, gukuramo neza, gushyira ibikoresho byubwenge, hamwe no gutondekanya ibintu bigira uruhare runini mugukora neza. Noneho rero, shora igihe n'imbaraga muri utwo turere kugirango ukore igishushanyo gikomeye kandi cyizewe cya PCB.