Ibikoresho byacapwe byuzuzwa byoroshye

Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzasesengura ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri PCB zoroshye kandi twinjire mubikorwa byubwubatsi, tugaragaza ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe inyuma yibi bibaho bitandukanye.

Ikibaho cyoroshye cyandika cyumuzunguruko (PCBs) cyahinduye inganda za elegitoroniki zitanga ubundi buryo bworoshye kuri PCB gakondo. Ubwubatsi bwihariye nibikoresho bitezimbere igishushanyo mbonera, kwizerwa no gukora.

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muburyo bworoshye bwanditse bwumuzingo

PCB ihindagurika ikozwe muburyo bwo guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye kugirango byongere ubworoherane nigihe kirekire. Reka dusuzume neza bimwe mubikoresho byingenzi bikoreshwa mubwubatsi bwayo:

1. Ibikoresho shingiro:
Urufatiro rwibintu byose byoroshye PCB nibikoresho byububiko. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo polyimide (PI), polymer ihindagurika cyane kandi irwanya ubushyuhe. PI ifite imbaraga zubukanishi, imiti irwanya imiti. Ibindi bikoresho bizwi cyane ni polyester (PET), itanga ibintu byoroshye mugiciro gito. Ibi bikoresho bituma imbaho ​​zumuzunguruko zunama, zigoreka kandi zihuza nuburyo butandukanye.

2. Ibikoresho byayobora:
Kugirango ushyireho amashanyarazi hagati yibintu bitandukanye byumuzunguruko, hakoreshwa ibikoresho bitwara nkumuringa. Umuringa nuyobora amashanyarazi meza kandi yoroheje kandi arakwiriye gukoreshwa mubibaho byoroshye byacapwe. Ifu yoroheje y'umuringa yomekwa kuri substrate kugirango ibe imizunguruko hamwe nibisabwa kugirango uhuze amashanyarazi.

3. Gupfukirana ibikoresho:
Ibikoresho byuzuye bikora nk'urwego rukingira kuri PCB yoroheje. Zitanga ubwishingizi, kurinda imashini, no kurwanya ibintu bidukikije nkubushuhe, umukungugu, n’imiti. Polyimide yuzuye ikoreshwa cyane kubera ubushyuhe bwayo buhebuje, guhinduka no kuramba.

Ubuhanga bwubwubatsi bwibibaho byacapwe byoroshye

Inzira yo kubaka PCB yoroheje ikubiyemo intambwe zitandukanye. Reka dusuzume buri cyiciro muburyo burambuye:

1. Gutegura insimburangingo:
Intambwe yambere yo kubaka PCB yoroheje ni ugutegura ibikoresho bya substrate. Ibikoresho byatoranijwe byatoranijwe, byaba polyimide cyangwa polyester, bivurwa kugirango byongere ubuso bwabyo hamwe nibiranga. Ubu buvuzi bworoshya guhuza ibikoresho bitwara substrate.

2. Igishushanyo cyumuzingi n'imiterere:
Ibikurikira, koresha porogaramu ifashwa na mudasobwa (CAD) kugirango ukore igishushanyo mbonera. Igishushanyo kigena gushyira ibikoresho bya elegitoronike ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko no guhuza amashanyarazi. Iyi ntambwe isaba gutekereza cyane kubintu nkuburinganire bwibimenyetso, gukwirakwiza ingufu, no gucunga ubushyuhe.

3. Gutera no gufata isahani:
Igishushanyo mbonera cyumuzingi kirangiye, inzira yo guterana ikorerwa kuri substrate. Koresha igisubizo cyimiti kugirango uhitemo gukuramo umuringa urenze, usige inzira zumuzingi wifuza. Nyuma yo gutobora, ikibaho cyumuzunguruko gishyizwemo urwego ruto rwumuringa, rwongerera inzira inzira kandi rukanahuza amashanyarazi ahamye.

4. Maskeri yo kugurisha no gucapa ecran:
Mask ya Solder ni urwego rukingira rushyirwa hejuru yinama yumuzunguruko. Irinda ibimenyetso byumuringa okiside, ikiraro cyabacuruzi, nizindi ngaruka ziva hanze. Hanyuma ni ecran yacapwe kugirango yongereho ibimenyetso, nkibirango bigize ibice cyangwa ibipimo bya polarite, kugirango byoroshye guterana no gukemura ibibazo.

5. Gushyira hamwe no guteranya ibice:
Ibikoresho bya elegitoronike byashyizwe kuri PCB yoroheje ukoresheje imashini yimashini ikora (SMT) cyangwa tekinoroji yo guteranya intoki. Kugurisha ibice kuri padi ukoresheje tekinoroji yo kugurisha nko kugarura cyangwa kugurisha imiraba. Witondere neza kugirango ibice bihuze neza kandi bihujwe neza.

6. Kwipimisha no kugenzura:
Ikibaho cyumuzunguruko kimaze guterana, kinyura muburyo bukomeye bwo kugerageza no kugenzura kugirango imikorere yacyo nubuziranenge. Kora ibizamini byikora nka In-Circuit Testing (ICT) cyangwa Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI) kugirango umenye inenge iyo ari yo yose cyangwa amasano atari yo. Ibi bizamini bifasha kumenya no gukosora ibibazo mbere yuko ibicuruzwa byanyuma byoherezwa.

Ihinduka rya PCB ryabaye ihitamo ryambere rya porogaramu aho imbogamizi zumwanya, kugabanya ibiro no guhinduka ari ngombwa. Ibikoresho byihariye nubuhanga bwubwubatsi butanga uburenganzira bwo kugabanya, kugabanya ingano no kongera imikorere. Kuva mu nganda zo mu kirere kugeza ku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi hamwe na elegitoroniki y'abaguzi, PCB yoroheje yasize ikimenyetso mu bice bitandukanye.

Muri make

PCBs ihindagurika itanga inyungu zinyuranye bitewe nimiterere n'ibikoresho.Gukomatanya ibikoresho shingiro, ibikoresho bitwara hamwe no gukingira birinda ibintu guhinduka, kuramba no kwizerwa. Gusobanukirwa nuburyo bwo kubaka imbaho ​​zoroshye zicapuwe ziduha ubushishozi bwikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe inyuma yibi bibaho bitandukanye. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, PCB zoroshye zizakomeza kugira uruhare runini mugushiraho ejo hazaza h’inganda za elegitoroniki.