Umuringa Uremereye Pcb | Umuringa muremure | PCB Umuringa PCB Ubuso Burangiza

Mwisi yimyandikire yumuzunguruko (PCBs), gutoranya kurangiza ni ingenzi kumikorere rusange no kuramba kwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ubuvuzi bwo hejuru butanga igikingira kirinda okiside, kunoza ibicuruzwa, no kongera amashanyarazi ya PCB. Ubwoko bumwe bwa PCB buzwi cyane ni umuringa mwinshi PCB, uzwiho ubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro ihanitse kandi itanga imicungire myiza yubushyuhe. Ariko,ikibazo gikunze kuvuka ni iki: Ese PCBs y'umuringa mwinshi ishobora gukorwa hamwe nubuso butandukanye burangiye? Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura uburyo butandukanye bwo kurangiza kuboneka kububiko bwa PCB bwuzuye umuringa hamwe nibitekerezo byo guhitamo kurangiza bikwiye.

1.Wige ibijyanye na PCBs ziremereye

Mbere yo gucengera muburyo bwo kurangiza, birakenewe gusobanukirwa icyo umuringa mwinshi PCB aricyo kiranga. Mubisanzwe, PCBs ifite umubyimba wumuringa urenze ounci 3 (105 µm) zifatwa nkumuringa mwinshi PCB. Izi mbaho ​​zagenewe gutwara amashanyarazi menshi no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza, ibyo bigatuma bikenerwa na electronics power, amamodoka, ibyogajuru hamwe nibindi bikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi. Umuringa mwinshi PCBs utanga ubushyuhe bwiza bwumuriro, imbaraga za mashini nyinshi hamwe nigabanuka rya voltage nkeya kuruta PCB zisanzwe.

2.Ingirakamaro yo kuvura hejuru mubikorwa bikomeye bya Pcb Gukora:

Gutegura hejuru bigira uruhare runini mukurinda umuringa hamwe nudupapuro twirinda okiside no kwemeza ingingo zigurishwa zizewe. Bakora nk'inzitizi hagati y'umuringa ugaragara n'ibigize hanze, birinda kwangirika no gukomeza kugurishwa. Byongeye kandi, kurangiza hejuru bifasha gutanga ubuso buringaniye bwo gushyira ibice hamwe nuburyo bwo guhuza insinga. Guhitamo ubuso bukwiye kurangiza kumuringa mwinshi PCBs ningirakamaro mugutezimbere imikorere yabo no kwizerwa.

3.Uburyo bwo kuvura kubutaka bukomeye bwa PCB:

Kugurisha ikirere gishyushye kuringaniza (HASL):
HASL nimwe muburyo gakondo kandi buhendutse bwa PCB bwo kuvura hejuru. Muri ubu buryo, PCB yibizwa mu bwogero bw’umugurisha ushongeshejwe kandi uwagurishije arenze akurwaho akoresheje icyuma gishyushye. Ugurisha asigaye akora igicucu cyinshi hejuru yumuringa, akirinda kwangirika. Nubwo HASL ari uburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo kuvura hejuru, ntabwo aribwo buryo bwiza bwo guhitamo PCBs z'umuringa mwinshi kubera ibintu bitandukanye. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukora muri iki gikorwa burashobora gutera impagarara zumuriro hejuru yumuringa mwinshi, bigatera kurigata cyangwa gusiba.
Amashanyarazi ya nikel yibiza zahabu (ENIG):
ENIG ni amahitamo azwi cyane yo kuvura hejuru kandi azwiho gusudira neza no kurwanya ruswa. Harimo gushira urwego ruto rwa nikel idafite amashanyarazi hanyuma ugashyira igice cya zahabu yibiza hejuru yumuringa. ENIG ifite ubuso buringaniye, buringaniye buringaniye, bigatuma bukwiranye nibice byiza hamwe no guhuza insinga za zahabu. Mugihe ENIG ishobora gukoreshwa kuri PCB yumuringa mwinshi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ubunini bwurwego rwa zahabu kugirango harebwe uburyo buhagije bwo kwirinda umuyaga mwinshi ningaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe.
Amashanyarazi Nickel Yashizemo Amashanyarazi Palladium Immersion Zahabu (ENEPIG):
ENEPIG nubuvuzi bugezweho butanga ubwiza buhebuje, kurwanya ruswa no guhuza insinga. Harimo kubika igipimo cya nikel idafite amashanyarazi, hanyuma igipimo cya palladium idafite amashanyarazi, hanyuma amaherezo ya zahabu yo kwibiza. ENEPIG itanga uburebure buhebuje kandi irashobora gukoreshwa kuri PCBs y'umuringa mwinshi. Itanga ubuso bugoye kurangiza, bigatuma ikwiranye nimbaraga nyinshi zikoreshwa hamwe nibice byiza.
Amabati yo kwibiza (ISn):
Amabati ya immersion nubundi buryo bwo kuvura hejuru yumuringa PCBs. Yinjiza PCB mubisubizo bishingiye kumabati, ikora urwego ruto rwamabati hejuru yumuringa. Amabati yo kwibiza atanga ubwiza buhebuje, hejuru, kandi bitangiza ibidukikije. Ariko rero, ikintu kimwe cyatekerezwaho mugihe ukoresheje amabati yibiza kuri PCBs yumuringa mwinshi ni uko ubunini bwamabati bugomba kugenzurwa neza kugirango harebwe uburyo buhagije bwo kwirinda okiside n’umuvuduko mwinshi.
Organic solderability preservative (OSP):
OSP nubuvuzi bwo hejuru butera ibinyabuzima birinda umubiri hejuru yumuringa. Ifite solderabilité nziza kandi irahendutse. OSP ikwiranye ningufu ziciriritse kandi ziciriritse kandi irashobora gukoreshwa kuri PCB yumuringa mwinshi mugihe cyose ubushobozi bwo gutwara hamwe nibisabwa byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe byujujwe. Kimwe mubintu ugomba gusuzuma mugihe ukoresheje OSP kumuringa mwinshi wumuringa PCBs nubunini bwiyongereye bwikibumbano kama, gishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere rusange yumuriro nubushyuhe.

4.Ibintu ugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhisemo kurangiza hejuru ya PCBs ziremereye: Iyo uhisemo kurangiza hejuru kuburemere

Umuringa PCB, hari ibintu byinshi ugomba gusuzuma:

Ubushobozi bwo Gutwara Ubu:
Umuringa mwinshi wumuringa PCBs ukoreshwa cyane cyane mubisabwa imbaraga nyinshi, kubwibyo rero ni ngombwa guhitamo ubuso burangiza bushobora gutwara imitwaro ihanitse idafite ubukana bukomeye cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije. Amahitamo nka ENIG, ENEPIG, hamwe na tin ya immersion mubisanzwe bikwiranye nibisabwa murwego rwo hejuru.
Gucunga Ubushyuhe:
Umuringa mwinshi PCB uzwiho kuba ufite ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe n'ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Kurangiza hejuru ntibigomba kubangamira ihererekanyabubasha cyangwa gutera ubushyuhe bukabije bwumuringa. Ubuvuzi bwo hejuru nka ENIG na ENEPIG bufite ibice byoroshye bifasha gucunga neza ubushyuhe.
Ubucuruzi:
Kurangiza isura bigomba gutanga solderabilité nziza kugirango igurishe neza kugurisha hamwe nibikorwa bikwiye byibigize. Amahitamo nka ENIG, ENEPIG na HASL atanga solderability yizewe.
Guhuza Ibigize:
Reba guhuza ibice byatoranijwe kurangiza hamwe nibice byihariye bizashyirwa kuri PCB. Ibikoresho byiza hamwe no guhuza insinga za zahabu birashobora gusaba kuvurwa hejuru nka ENIG cyangwa ENEPIG.
Igiciro:
Igiciro buri gihe ni ikintu cyingenzi mubikorwa bya PCB. Igiciro cyo kuvura ibintu bitandukanye biratandukanye bitewe nibintu nkigiciro cyibikoresho, ibintu bigoye hamwe nibikoresho bisabwa. Suzuma ingaruka zigiciro cyatoranijwe kirangiye utabangamiye imikorere no kwizerwa.

Umuringa muremure PCBs utanga inyungu zidasanzwe kubikorwa byimbaraga nyinshi, kandi guhitamo neza kurangiza neza ni ngombwa mugutezimbere imikorere yabo no kwizerwa.Mugihe amahitamo gakondo nka HASL adashobora kuba adakwiye kubera ibibazo byubushyuhe, kuvura hejuru nka ENIG, ENEPIG, tin immersion na OSP birashobora gutekerezwa bitewe nibisabwa byihariye. Ibintu nkubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu, gucunga ubushyuhe, kugurishwa, guhuza ibice hamwe nigiciro bigomba gusuzumwa neza mugihe uhisemo kurangiza PCBs y'umuringa mwinshi. Muguhitamo ubwenge, ababikora barashobora kwemeza gukora neza nigihe kirekire cyimikorere ya PCB yumuringa mwinshi muburyo butandukanye bwamashanyarazi na elegitoronike.