Ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso nibintu byingenzi byubushakashatsi bwa PCB, cyane cyane kuri PCBs ikomeye. Izi mbaho zidasanzwe zitanga ibintu byoroshye kandi byizewe bisabwa mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho. Ariko, bitewe nuburyo bugoye, kwemeza ibimenyetso byukuri mubishushanyo mbonera bya PCB birashobora kuba ingorabahizi.
Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzaganira kubintu byingenzi tugomba gusuzuma hamwe nintambwe zirimo mugihe cyo kubara uburinganire bwibimenyetso kubishushanyo mbonera bya PCB.
1. Sobanukirwa shingiro ryubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso
Ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso bivuga ubwiza bwibimenyetso byamashanyarazi uko binyura muri PCB. Harimo gusesengura no gucunga ibintu bitandukanye bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yikimenyetso, nka impedance, urusaku, inzira nyabagendwa, hamwe nibitekerezo.
Kuri PC-PC ikomatanya ihuza ibice byoroshye kandi byoroshye, ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso biba ngombwa cyane. Inzibacyuho hagati yingingo zikomeye kandi zoroshye zirashobora kumenyekanisha impinduka, ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso, nibindi bibazo byerekana ubunyangamugayo.
2. Menya ibimenyetso by'ingenzi
Intambwe yambere yo kubara uburinganire bwibimenyetso ni ukumenya ibimenyetso bikomeye muburyo bukomeye bwa PCB. Ibi bimenyetso nibyo byunvikana kubibazo byubusugire bwibimenyetso kandi birashobora kuba birimo ibimenyetso byihuta, ibimenyetso byamasaha, ibimenyetso byo gutanga amashanyarazi, cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso icyo aricyo cyose gikomeye kugirango imikorere ikorwe neza.
Mugushimangira ibimenyetso bikomeye, urashobora gushyira imbere gusesengura no kugabanya ibibazo byubusugire bwibimenyetso.
3. Gusesengura kugenzura inzitizi
Igenzura ryingirakamaro ningirakamaro kugirango ukomeze ubudakemwa bwibimenyetso. Iremeza ko impedance yikimenyetso cyerekana ihuye nimbogamizi iranga umurongo woherejwe wakoreshejwe. Muri PCBs ikomeye, flex impinduka zirashobora kugaragara mugihe cyinzibacyuho hagati yibice bikomeye kandi byoroshye.
Kugirango ubare impedance no kugenzura igenzura ryayo, urashobora gukoresha imashini ibara impedance, igikoresho cyo kwigana, cyangwa ukabaza urupapuro rwamakuru yatanzwe nuwakoze PCB. Muguharura neza no kugenzura inzitizi, ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso birashobora kugabanuka, bigatuma ibimenyetso byogukwirakwiza neza.
4. Kwigana no gusesengura ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso
Kwigana nigikoresho gikomeye cyo gusesengura uburinganire bwibimenyetso mubishushanyo bya PCB. Ukoresheje software yihariye, urashobora kwigana imyitwarire yibimenyetso no kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byubuziranenge mbere yo gukora.
Kwigana birashobora kugufasha gusuzuma ibipimo nkigishushanyo cyamaso, igipimo cyamakosa, hamwe nuburinganire bwikimenyetso. Iragufasha kugerageza ibintu bitandukanye, guhitamo tracerouting, no kwemeza amahitamo yawe.
5. Kugabanya inzira nyabagendwa
Crosstalk ibaho mugihe ibimenyetso bibangamirana bitewe na electromagnetic ihuza hagati yabayobora. Muri PCBs zikomeye, gucunga umuhanda biragoye cyane kubera hafi yabatwara hafi ya flex.
Kugabanya inzira nyabagendwa, urashobora gukoresha tekinike nko kongera intera iri hagati yikimenyetso, gukoresha indege cyangwa ingufu zindege nkingabo, kongeramo ibikoresho byo kwigunga, cyangwa gushyira mubikorwa inzira igenzurwa ninzitizi.
6. Reba ibimenyetso bitandukanye
Ibimenyetso bitandukanye ni tekinoroji ikora neza yohereza amakuru yihuse. Ukoresheje ibimenyetso bibiri byuzuzanya bya amplitude angana ariko bihabanye na polarite, bitanga ubudahangarwa bwurusaku kandi bigabanya amahirwe yo kwangirika kw ibimenyetso.
Mu bishushanyo mbonera bya PCB, gushyira mu bikorwa ibice bibiri bifasha kugumana ubunyangamugayo no kugabanya amashanyarazi. Ariko, hagomba kwitonderwa kugirango habeho impagarike iringaniye kandi igenzurwa hagati yabantu batandukanye.
7. Kugenzura neza igishushanyo mbonera
Kugenzura ibishushanyo nigikorwa gikubiyemo kwigana inshuro nyinshi, gusesengura, no kugerageza igishushanyo cya PCB. Ifasha kumenya no gukemura ibibazo byubusugire bwibimenyetso mubyiciro bitandukanye byuburyo bwo gushushanya.
Mugukora urukurikirane rwibishushanyo mbonera, ibimenyetso byerekana uburinganire bwikigereranyo, hamwe no kugerageza prototype, urashobora kwemeza ko igishushanyo cyawe gikomeye cya PCB cyujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byerekana ubunyangamugayo.
Muri make
Kubara uburinganire bwibimenyetso byubushakashatsi bukomeye bwa PCB bikubiyemo kumva ibibazo byihariye, gusesengura ibimenyetso bikomeye, kugenzura inzitizi, kugabanya inzira nyabagendwa, no kwemeza igishushanyo mbonera. Ukurikije izi ntambwe no gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwigana hamwe nubuhanga bwo kugenzura, urashobora kwemeza neza ubunyangamugayo bukwiye mubishushanyo mbonera bya PCB.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-19-2023
Inyuma
