Mwisi yisi igenda itera imbere ya elegitoroniki, PCB (Printed Circuit Board) prototyping hamwe na EMI / EMC (Electromagnetic Interference / Electromagnetic Compatibility) ikingira igenda iba ingenzi. Izi ngabo zagenewe kugabanya imishwarara ya electromagnetique n urusaku rutangwa nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, byemeza imikorere yabyo kandi yubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho.
Nyamara, abajenjeri benshi naba hobbyist barwana no kugera kuri EMI / EMC ikingira mugihe cya PCB.Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzaganira ku ntambwe zigira uruhare mu kurinda neza PCB hamwe na EMI / EMC ikingira, iguha ubumenyi bukenewe bwo gutsinda ibibazo byose ushobora guhura nabyo.
1. Sobanukirwa gukingira EMI / EMC
Icya mbere, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa amahame shingiro yo gukingira EMI / EMC. E.
Kurinda EMI / EMC bikubiyemo ingamba nibikoresho bifasha gukumira ingufu za electromagnetique ingendo no gutera intambamyi. Kwikingira birashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje ibikoresho bitwara ibintu, nk'icyuma gifata ibyuma cyangwa irangi ryayobora, bikora inzitizi ikikije inteko ya PCB.
2. Hitamo ibikoresho byiza byo gukingira
Guhitamo ibikoresho byiza byo gukingira nibyingenzi kurinda EMI / EMC neza. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane bikingira harimo umuringa, aluminium nicyuma. Umuringa uzwi cyane kubera amashanyarazi meza cyane. Ariko, ibindi bintu bigomba kwitabwaho muguhitamo ibikoresho byo gukingira, nkigiciro, uburemere nuburyo bworoshye bwo guhimba.
3. Tegura imiterere ya PCB
Mugihe cya PCB prototyping icyiciro, gushyira ibice hamwe nicyerekezo bigomba gusuzumwa neza. Gutegura neza gahunda ya PCB birashobora kugabanya cyane ibibazo bya EMI / EMC. Guteranya ibice byinshi-hamwe hamwe no kubitandukanya nibice byoroshye bifasha gukumira amashanyarazi.
4. Shyira mubikorwa tekinike
Ubuhanga bwibanze bufite uruhare runini mukugabanya ibibazo bya EMI / EMC. Guhagarara neza byemeza ko ibice byose biri muri PCB bihujwe aho bihurira, bityo bikagabanya ingaruka ziterwa nubutaka hamwe n’urusaku. Indege ikomeye yubutaka igomba kuremwa kuri PCB nibice byose byingenzi bifitanye isano nayo.
5. Koresha tekinoroji yo gukingira
Usibye guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye, gukoresha tekinike yo gukingira ni ngombwa mu kugabanya ibibazo bya EMI / EMC. Ubu buhanga bukubiyemo gukoresha ingabo hagati yumuzunguruko wunvikana, gushyira ibice mubirindiro byubutaka, no gukoresha amabati cyangwa ibipfundikizo bikingiwe kugirango utandukane muburyo bworoshye.
6. Hindura neza ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso
Kugumana ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso nibyingenzi mukurinda amashanyarazi. Gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bukwiye bwo gukoresha inzira, nkibimenyetso bitandukanye kandi bigenzurwa na impedance inzira, birashobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso biturutse kumashanyarazi aturuka hanze.
7. Gerageza kandi usubiremo
PCotype ya PCB imaze guterana, imikorere yayo ya EMI / EMC igomba kugeragezwa. Uburyo butandukanye, nko gupima ibyuka bihumanya no kwipimisha byoroshye, birashobora gufasha gusuzuma imikorere yikoranabuhanga rikingira rikoreshwa. Ukurikije ibisubizo byikizamini, ibyingenzi bikenewe birashobora gukorwa kugirango tunoze neza.
8. Koresha ibikoresho bya EDA
Gukoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byikora (EDA) birashobora koroshya cyane inzira ya prototyping ya PCB nubufasha mugukingira EMI / EMC. Ibikoresho bya EDA bitanga ubushobozi nka simulation ya electromagnetic yumurongo wigana, isesengura ryuburinganire bwibimenyetso, hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwogutezimbere, bituma abashakashatsi bamenya ibibazo bishobora kuvuka no guhuza ibishushanyo byabo mbere yo gukora.
Muri make
Gutegura prototypes ya PCB hamwe na EMI / EMC ikingira ingirakamaro ni ngombwa kugirango ikore neza kandi yubahirize ibipimo ngenderwaho.Mugusobanukirwa imyumvire yibanze yo gukingira EMI / EMC, guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye, gushyira mubikorwa tekinike ikwiye, no gukoresha ibikoresho bya EDA, injeniyeri naba hobbyist barashobora gutsinda neza ibibazo byiki cyiciro gikomeye cyiterambere rya PCB. Emera rero imyitozo hanyuma utangire urugendo rwa prototyping PCB ufite ikizere!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2023
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