Muri iki gihe inganda za elegitoroniki zirushanwe, harakenewe cyane udushya twiza kandi twanditse neza (PCBs). Uko inganda zigenda ziyongera, niko hakenerwa PCBs zishobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bitandukanye kandi byujuje ibisabwa nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigoye. Aha niho igitekerezo cya flex rigid-flex PCB kiza.
Ikibaho cya Rigid-flex gitanga uburyo bwihariye bwibikoresho byoroshye kandi byoroshye, bigatuma biba byiza kubisabwa bisaba kuramba no guhinduka. Izi mbaho zisanzwe ziboneka mubikoresho byubuvuzi, sisitemu yo mu kirere, nibindi bikorwa byizewe cyane.
Kugenzura Impedance nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka cyane kumikorere yimbaho zikomeye. Impedance ni ukurwanya umuzenguruko utanga kumasoko asimburana (AC). Kugenzura neza inzitizi ningirakamaro kuko itanga ibimenyetso byizewe kandi bigabanya gutakaza ingufu.
Muri iyi blog, Capel izasesengura ibintu bitanu bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kugenzura igenzura ryibibaho. Gusobanukirwa nibi bintu nibyingenzi kubashushanya PCB nababikora kugirango batange ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge byujuje ibyifuzo byisi itwarwa nikoranabuhanga.
1. Substrates zitandukanye zizagira ingaruka ku gaciro ka impedance:
Kuri Flex Rigid-Flex PCB, itandukaniro ryibikoresho fatizo rigira ingaruka ku gaciro ka impedance. Mubibaho bikomeye-flex, substrate yoroheje hamwe na substrate igoye mubisanzwe bifite dielectric ihindagurika hamwe nubushobozi buke, ibyo bizatera ibibazo bidahuye nimbogamizi hagati yimiterere yombi.
By'umwihariko, insimburangingo yoroheje ifite dielectric ihoraho kandi ihoraho yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, mugihe insimburangingo zikomeye zifite dielectric yo hasi kandi ikomeza amashanyarazi menshi. Mugihe ikimenyetso gikwirakwira mukibaho cyumuzunguruko, hazabaho gutekereza no guhererekanya kuri interineti ya pcb substrate igoye. Ibi bintu byo gutekereza no kwanduza bitera inzitizi yikimenyetso guhinduka, ni ukuvuga kudahuza.
Kugirango ugenzure neza impedance ya flex-rigid pcb, uburyo bukurikira burashobora gukoreshwa:
Guhitamo insimburangingo:hitamo uruvangitirane rukomeye rwa flex circuit yumurongo kugirango dielectric ihoraho kandi itwarwe byegeranye bishoboka kugirango ugabanye ikibazo cyo kudahuza;
Kuvura interineti:ubuvuzi bwihariye kubusabane hagati ya pcb rigid flex substrates, nko gukoresha interineti idasanzwe cyangwa firime ya laminated, kugirango utezimbere impedance ihuye nurwego runaka;
Igenzura rikanda:Mubikorwa byo gukora pcb ihindagurika, ibipimo nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko nigihe bigenzurwa cyane kugirango habeho guhuza neza imiyoboro yumuzunguruko wa flex kandi bigabanya impinduka za impedance;
Kwigana no gukemura:Binyuze mu kwigana no gusesengura ibimenyetso byakwirakwijwe muri pcb yoroheje, shakisha ikibazo cyo kudahuza impedance, hanyuma uhindure ibintu neza.
2. Umwanya w'ubugari bw'umurongo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kigira ingaruka ku kugenzura inzitizi:
Mu kibaho gikomeye-flex, umurongo wubugari bwumurongo ni kimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka ku kugenzura inzitizi. Ubugari bwumurongo (ni ukuvuga ubugari bwinsinga) hamwe nu murongo utandukanijwe (ni ukuvuga intera iri hagati yinsinga zegeranye) bigena geometrie yinzira igezweho, nayo ikagira ingaruka kubiranga ihererekanyabubasha nagaciro kerekana ibimenyetso.
Ibikurikira ningaruka zumurongo wubugari bwumurongo ku kugenzura inzitizi yubuyobozi bukomeye:
Inzitizi y'ibanze:Gutandukanya umurongo ni ingenzi mu kugenzura inzitizi zifatizo (ni ukuvuga inzitizi iranga imirongo ya microstrip, insinga za coaxial, nibindi). Ukurikije umurongo woherejwe, ibintu nkubugari bwumurongo, intera yumurongo, hamwe nuburebure bwa substrate hamwe bigena inzitizi iranga umurongo wohereza. Iyo umurongo w'ubugari intera ihindagurika, bizaganisha ku mpinduka ziranga inzitizi, bityo bigire ingaruka ku ihererekanyabubasha ryikimenyetso.
Guhuza inzitizi:Guhuza impedance akenshi bisabwa muburyo bukomeye-flex kugirango tumenye neza kohereza ibimenyetso mumuzunguruko. Guhuza impedance mubisanzwe bikenera guhindura umurongo ubugari bwumwanya kugirango ubigereho. Kurugero, mumurongo wa microstrip, ibiranga inzitizi yumurongo wogukwirakwiza birashobora guhuzwa nimbogamizi zisabwa na sisitemu muguhindura ubugari bwabayobora hamwe nintera iri hagati yabayobora.
Kwambukiranya no Gutakaza:Umwanya utandukanijwe kandi ufite ingaruka zikomeye mugucunga umuhanda no gutakaza. Iyo umurongo wubugari bwumurongo ari muto, ingaruka zumuriro wamashanyarazi hagati yinsinga zegeranye zongerewe imbaraga, zishobora gutuma kwiyongera kwambukiranya umuhanda. Mubyongeyeho, ubugari buto bwinsinga nubunini bunini bwinsinga bituma habaho gukwirakwiza kwinshi, kongera insinga no gutakaza.
3. Ubunini bwibikoresho nabwo ni ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka ku kugenzura inzitizi y’ikibaho gikomeye:
Guhindagurika mubyimbye byibintu bigira ingaruka muburyo butaziguye kumurongo wohereza.
Ibikurikira ningaruka zubugari bwibintu ku kugenzura inzitizi zibaho zikomeye:
Umurongo w'itumanaho uranga inzitizi:Ibiranga inzitizi y'umurongo wohereza bivuga isano iri hagati yumuyaga na voltage kumurongo woherejwe kumurongo wihariye. Mu kibaho gikomeye-flex, ubunini bwibintu bizagira ingaruka ku gaciro k’inzitizi iranga umurongo wohereza. Muri rusange, iyo umubyimba wibintu uba muto, inzitizi iranga iziyongera; kandi igihe umubyimba wibintu uzaba mwinshi, inzitizi iranga izagabanuka. Kubwibyo, mugihe utegura ikibaho gikomeye, birakenewe guhitamo umubyimba ukwiye kugirango ugere kubisabwa bikenewe ukurikije sisitemu n'ibiranga ibimenyetso.
Ikigereranyo-Kuri-Umwanya:Guhindagurika mubyimbye byibintu nabyo bizagira ingaruka kumurongo ugereranije. Ukurikije umurongo wohererezanya ibitekerezo, ibiranga impedance iragereranya nikigereranyo cyubugari bwumurongo n'umwanya. Iyo umubyimba wibintu uhindutse, kugirango ugumane ituze ryimiterere iranga inzitizi, birakenewe guhindura igipimo cyubugari bwumurongo n'umurongo utandukanijwe. Kurugero, mugihe umubyimba wibintu wagabanutse, kugirango ukomeze kuranga impedance ihoraho, ubugari bwumurongo bugomba kugabanywa bikwiranye, kandi intera yumurongo igomba kugabanywa kugirango umurongo wubugari bwumwanya udahinduka.
4. Kwihanganira umuringa w'amashanyarazi nabyo ni ikintu kigira ingaruka ku kugenzura inzitizi ku kibaho cyoroshye:
Umuringa w'amashanyarazi ni igikoresho gikoreshwa cyane mu mbaho zikomeye, kandi impinduka mu bunini bwazo no kwihanganira bizagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku kibaho.
Ibikurikira ningaruka zo kwihanganira amashanyarazi kwihanganira umuringa ku kugenzura inzitizi zoroshye:
Amashanyarazi yumuringa yihanganira:Ubunini bwumuringa wa electroplated ni kimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mbogamizi yikibaho gikomeye. Niba umubyimba wihanganira umuringa w'amashanyarazi ari munini cyane, ubunini bwurwego rwimiyoboro ku isahani bizahinduka, bityo bikagira ingaruka kubiranga isahani. Kubwibyo, mugihe ukora flex rigid board, birakenewe kugenzura byimazeyo kwihanganira umubyimba wumuringa wamashanyarazi kugirango habeho ituze ryinzitizi.
Guhuza umuringa w'amashanyarazi:Usibye kwihanganira umubyimba, uburinganire bwumuringa wa electroplating buragira ingaruka no kugenzura inzitizi yimbaho zikomeye. Niba hari ikwirakwizwa ritaringanijwe ryumuringa wa electroplate yumuringa kurubaho, bikavamo umubyimba utandukanye wumuringa wa electroplate ku bice bitandukanye byubuyobozi, inzitizi iranga nayo izahinduka. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kwemeza uburinganire bwumuringa wamashanyarazi kugirango harebwe niba inzitizi ziranga mugihe zikora imbaho zoroshye kandi zikomeye.
5. Kwihanganirana na Etching nayo ni ikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka ku kugenzura imbogamizi ku mbaho zikomeye:
Kwihanganira Etching bivuga gutandukana kwubunini bwisahani ishobora kugenzurwa mugihe guterana bikorwa mugikorwa cyo gukora imbaho zoroshye.
Ibikurikira ningaruka zo kwihanganira etching ku kugenzura imbogamizi yimbaho zikomeye:
Impedance ihuza ikibaho cya flex-flex: Mubikorwa byo gukora ikibaho cya flex-flex, guswera mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mukugenzura agaciro karanga impedance. Binyuze mu gutobora, ubugari bwurwego ruyobora birashobora guhinduka kugirango ugere ku gaciro ka impedance isabwa nigishushanyo. Nyamara, mugihe cyo guswera, kubera ko umuvuduko wo guterura igisubizo cyisahani ku isahani ushobora kwihanganira bimwe, hashobora kubaho gutandukana mubugari bwurwego rwimikorere nyuma yo gutobora, bigira ingaruka kugenzura neza kubiranga inzitizi.
Guhuzagurika mu kuranga inzitizi:Kwihanganirana birashobora kandi gutuma habaho itandukaniro mubyimbye byurwego rwimikorere mu turere dutandukanye, bikavamo inzitizi zidahuye. Kudahuza kuranga inzitizi zirashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yikimenyetso, kikaba ari ingenzi cyane cyane mu itumanaho ryihuse cyangwa porogaramu nyinshi.
Kugenzura Impedance nikintu cyingenzi cyimiterere ya Flex Rigid-Flex PCB no guhimba.Kugera ku ndangagaciro zuzuye kandi zihamye ningirakamaro mugukwirakwiza ibimenyetso byizewe hamwe nibikorwa rusange byibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Mugihe rero witaye cyane kubijyanye no gutoranya substrate, gushakisha geometrie, kugenzura umubyimba wa dielectric, kwihanganira imiringa, no kwihanganira etch, abashushanya PCB nababikora barashobora gutanga neza, imbaho zikomeye kandi zujuje ubuziranenge zikomeye zujuje ibisabwa ninganda. Imyaka 15 yo gusangira ubunararibonye mu nganda, nizere ko Capel ishobora kukuzanira ubufasha bwingirakamaro. Kubindi bibazo byubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko, nyamuneka twandikire mu buryo butaziguye, itsinda ryinzobere mu buyobozi bw’umuzunguruko wa Capel rizagusubiza kumurongo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-22-2023
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