Mugihe icyifuzo cyibisubizo byoroshye kandi byoroshye bya elegitoronike bikomeje kwiyongera, PCBs igoye-ihindagurika ya PCB yahindutse icyamamare mugushushanya no gukora PCB. Izi mbaho zihuza ibyiza bya PCBs zikomeye kandi zoroshye kugirango zitange imiterere ihindagurika idatanze kuramba no gukora. Kugirango ushushanye kwizerwa kandi utezimbere PCBs, gusobanukirwa neza iboneza rya stack-up ni ngombwa. Imiterere ya stack-up igena gahunda nuburyo imiterere ya PCB, bigira ingaruka kumikorere no kuyikora.Iyi mfashanyigisho yuzuye izacengera mubibazo bikomeye bya PCB yibitseho PCB, itanga ubushishozi bwingirakamaro bwo gufasha abashushanya gufata ibyemezo byuzuye mugihe cyo gushushanya. Bizaba bikubiyemo ibintu bitandukanye birimo gutoranya ibikoresho, gushyira ibice, gutekereza kubimenyetso byerekana ubuziranenge, kugenzura inzitizi, hamwe nimbogamizi zakozwe. Mugusobanukirwa ningorabahizi za PCB zidasanzwe, abashushanya barashobora kwemeza ubunyangamugayo nubwizerwe bwibishushanyo byabo. Bazahindura ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso, bagabanye amashanyarazi (EMI) kandi borohereze inzira nziza yo gukora. Waba uri mushya muburyo bukomeye bwa PCB cyangwa ushaka kongera ubumenyi bwawe, iki gitabo kizaba umutungo wingenzi, kigushoboza kugendana ningorabahizi zo gutondekanya ibishushanyo mbonera no gushushanya ibisubizo byiza cyane, byoroshye PCB ibisubizo kubicuruzwa bitandukanye.
1.Ikibaho gikomeye-flex nikihe?
Ikibaho cya Rigid-flex, kizwi kandi nka rigid-flex cyacapwe cyumuzunguruko (PCB), ni PCB ihuza insimburangingo zikomeye kandi zoroshye ku kibaho kimwe.Ihuza ibyiza bya PCBs zikomeye kandi zoroshye kugirango zongere igishushanyo mbonera kandi kirambye. Mu kibaho gikomeye-flex, igice gikomeye gikozwe mubikoresho gakondo bya PCB (nka FR4), mugihe igice cyoroshye gikozwe mubintu byoroshye bya PCB (nka polyimide). Ibi bice birahuzwa binyuze mumasahani cyangwa imiyoboro ihuza flex kugirango ikore ikibaho kimwe. Ibice bikomeye bitanga inkunga nogukomeza kubigize, guhuza, nibindi bikoresho bya mashini, bisa na PCB isanzwe ikomeye. Igice cyoroshye, kurundi ruhande, cyemerera ikibaho cyumuzunguruko kunama no kugunama, bikemerera guhuza ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bifite umwanya muto cyangwa imiterere idasanzwe. Ikibaho cya Rigid-flex gitanga ibyiza byinshi kurenza PCBs gakondo. Bagabanya ibikenerwa guhuza ninsinga, kubika umwanya, kugabanya igihe cyo guterana, no kongera ubwizerwe mugukuraho ingingo zishobora gutsindwa. Mubyongeyeho, ikibaho gikomeye-flex cyoroshya uburyo bwo gushushanya byoroshya imikoranire hagati yibice bikomeye kandi byoroshye, kugabanya inzira igoye no kunoza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso. Ikibaho cya Rigid-flex gikoreshwa mubisanzwe aho umwanya ari muto cyangwa ikibaho gikeneye guhuza imiterere cyangwa umwirondoro runaka. Bakunze kuboneka mu kirere, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yimodoka hamwe na elegitoroniki yikuramo aho ubunini, uburemere nubwizerwe aribintu byingenzi. Gushushanya no gukora imbaho zidakomeye zisaba ubumenyi nubuhanga bwihariye kubera guhuza ibikoresho bikomeye kandi byoroshye no guhuza. Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa gukorana nu ruganda rufite uburambe bwa PCB rushoboye gukemura ibibazo byinganda zikomeye.
2.Kubera iki gukomera kwa flex pcb gutondeka ari ngombwa?
Ubunyangamugayo bwa mashini:
Rigid-flex PCBs yashizweho kugirango itange ibintu byoroshye kandi byizewe. Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya bigena gahunda yuburyo bukomeye kandi bworoshye, kwemeza ko ikibaho gishobora kwihanganira kunama, kugoreka hamwe nindi mashini itabangamiye ubusugire bwayo. Guhuza ibice neza nibyingenzi mukurinda umunaniro wa PCB, guhangayikishwa cyane, no kunanirwa mugihe.
Gutezimbere umwanya:
Ikibaho cya Rigid-flex gikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroheje bifite umwanya muto. Ibishushanyo bifatika byemerera abashushanya gukoresha neza umwanya uhari mugutondekanya ibice nibice muburyo bwo gukoresha cyane umwanya wa 3D. Ibi bifasha PCBs gushyirwaho mubigo bifunze, ibikoresho bya miniaturizasi hamwe nibintu bigoye. Ubunyangamugayo bw'ikimenyetso:
Ubusobanuro bwibimenyetso bya flex PCB ikomeye ni ingenzi kubikorwa byayo. Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso hitawe kubintu nka impedance yagenzuwe, umurongo wohereza umurongo, no kugabanya inzira nyabagendwa. Imiterere ishyize mu gaciro irashobora kwemeza inzira nziza yerekana ibimenyetso byihuse, kugabanya ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso, no kwemeza kohereza amakuru neza.
Gucunga Ubushyuhe:
Ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bitanga ubushyuhe, kandi gucunga neza ubushyuhe nibyingenzi kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe bwinshi nibishobora kwangirika kubigize. Ibikoresho bya PCBs bigizwe na tekinike ituma hashyirwaho ingamba zifatika zumuriro, ibice byumuringa, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza. Urebye ibibazo byubushyuhe mugihe cyo gutondekanya igishushanyo mbonera, abashushanya ibintu barashobora kwemeza PCB kuramba no kwizerwa.
Ibitekerezo byo gukora:
Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya bigira ingaruka kubikorwa bya PCB bigoye. Igena uko urwego rwahujwe hamwe, guhuza no kwandikisha ibice byoroshye kandi bikomeye, hamwe no gushyira ibice. Muguhitamo witonze ibishushanyo mbonera, abashushanya barashobora koroshya inzira yo gukora, kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro, no kugabanya ingaruka zamakosa yo gukora.
3.Komeza ibice bya rigid-flex PCB stackup
Mugihe utegura PCB igoye cyane, hari ibintu byinshi byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma. Ibi bice bigira uruhare runini mugutanga inkunga ikenewe yuburyo, guhuza amashanyarazi, no guhinduka muburyo rusange bwa PCB. Ibikurikira nibintu byingenzi bigize PCB igoye:
Igice gikomeye:
Igice gikaze gikozwe mubikoresho fatizo nka FR-4 cyangwa ibintu bisa. Uru rupapuro rutanga imbaraga za mashini hamwe na stabilite kuri PCB. Ifite kandi ibice kandi yemerera kwishyiriraho ibikoresho byo hejuru (SMD) hamwe nibice byacukuwe. Igice gikaze gitanga urufatiro rukomeye rwurwego rworoshye kandi rwemeza guhuza neza no gukomera kwa PCB yose.
Igice cyoroshye:
Igice cyoroshye kigizwe nibikoresho byoroshye nka polyimide cyangwa ibintu bisa. Uru rupapuro rwemerera PCB kunama, kuzinga, no guhindagurika. Flex layer niho igice kinini cyumuzunguruko nu mashanyarazi giherereye. Itanga ihinduka rikenewe kuri porogaramu zisaba PCB kunama cyangwa guhuza imiterere cyangwa imyanya itandukanye. Ihinduka ryiki cyiciro rigomba gusuzumwa neza kugirango ryuzuze ibisabwa na porogaramu.
Igice gifatika:
Igice gifatika ni igicucu cyoroshye cyibikoresho bifatika bifatanye hagati yikigero gikomeye kandi cyoroshye. Intego nyamukuru yaryo ni uguhuza ibice bikomeye kandi byoroshye, bigatanga uburinganire bwimiterere kuri laminate. Iremeza ko ibice bikomeza guhuzwa hagati yacyo mugihe cyo kugunama cyangwa kugunama. Igice gifatika nacyo gikora nkibikoresho bya dielectric, bitanga insulation hagati yabyo. Guhitamo ibikoresho bifata ni ngombwa kuko bigomba kugira imiterere myiza yo guhuza, imbaraga za dielectric nyinshi, no guhuza nibikoresho fatizo.
Gushimangira no gutwikira:
Gushimangira no gutwikira nibindi byongeweho akenshi byongewe kumurongo wa PCB kugirango byongere imbaraga za mashini, kurinda, no kwizerwa. Inkomezi zirashobora gushiramo ibikoresho nka FR-4 cyangwa polyimide ishingiye kumpapuro zidafite ibiti zometse kumurongo wihariye wibice byoroshye cyangwa byoroshye kugirango bitange izindi nkunga ninkunga. Ubuso bwa PCB bushyizwemo ibipfukisho nka masike yo kugurisha hamwe nudukingirizo two kubarinda kugirango bibarinde ibidukikije nkubushuhe, ivumbi, hamwe nihungabana ryimashini.
Ibi bice byingenzi bikorana kugirango bikore neza witonze rigid-flex PCB stackup yujuje ibyifuzo bya porogaramu. Ubusugire bwimiterere nubworoherane butangwa nuburyo bukomeye kandi bworoshye, kimwe nuburyo bufatika, byemeza ko PCB ishobora kwihanganira kugoreka cyangwa guhindagurika bitabujije ubusugire bwumuzunguruko. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha imbaraga no gutwikira byongera muri rusange kwizerwa no kurinda PCB. Muguhitamo witonze no gushushanya ibyo bice, injeniyeri zirashobora gukora ibintu bikomeye kandi byizewe bikomeye-flex PCB yibitseho.
4.Rigid-flex PCB yuburyo bwimiterere
Mugushushanya ibintu bikomeye PCB yibitseho, ubwoko butandukanye bushobora gukoreshwa bitewe nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu. Ibikoresho bya stack-up bigena umubare wibice byashyizwe mubishushanyo mbonera no gutondekanya ibice bikomeye kandi byoroshye. Ibikurikira nuburyo butatu busanzwe bwa rigid-flex PCB iboneza:
Igice 1 cyoroshye kandi cyoroshye:
Muri iyi miterere, PCB igizwe nigice kimwe cyibikoresho bikomeye kandi urwego rumwe rwibintu byoroshye. Urwego rukomeye rutanga ihame rikenewe hamwe ninkunga, mugihe urwego rworoshye rutuma PCB ihinduka kandi ikunama. Iboneza birakwiriye mubisabwa bisaba guhinduka no gushushanya byoroshye.
Ibice 2 byikomeye kandi byoroshye:
Muri iyi miterere, PCB igizwe nibice bibiri - urwego rukomeye kandi rworoshye. Igice gikomeye gishyizwe hagati yuburyo bubiri bworoshye, bikora gahunda "igitabo". Iboneza ritanga ihinduka ryinshi kandi ryemerera ibishushanyo byinshi bigoye ukoresheje ibice kumpande zombi za PCB. Itanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhinduka no kugunama kuruta ibice bimwe.
Ibice byinshi bigoye kandi byoroshye:
Muri iyi miterere, PCB igizwe nibice byinshi - ihuriro ryibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye. Ibice byegeranye hejuru yundi, bisimburana hagati yuburyo bukomeye kandi bworoshye. Iboneza ritanga urwego rwohejuru rwo guhinduka kandi rutanga ibishushanyo bigoye ukoresheje ibice byinshi hamwe nizunguruka. Birakwiriye kubisabwa bisaba guhinduka cyane no gushushanya.
Guhitamo ibyuma-flex stackup iboneza biterwa nibintu nkurwego rwimiterere isabwa, igishushanyo mbonera cyumuzingi, hamwe nimbogamizi zumwanya. Ba injeniyeri bakeneye gusuzuma neza ibisabwa nibisabwa hamwe nibisabwa kugirango bamenye neza ibyateganijwe.
Usibye ubwubatsi bukomeye bwa flex laminate, ibindi bintu nko guhitamo ibikoresho, ubunini bwa buri cyiciro, kandi binyuze no guhuza ibishushanyo nabyo bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo imikorere rusange no kwizerwa bya PCBs ikomeye. Nibyingenzi gukorana cyane nuwakoze PCB ninzobere mugushushanya kugirango tumenye neza ko ibyatoranijwe byatoranijwe byujuje ibyangombwa nibisabwa bya porogaramu.
Muguhitamo ibyingenzi bikwiye-flex stackup iboneza no guhitamo ibindi bishushanyo mbonera, injeniyeri zirashobora gushyira mubikorwa byizewe, bikora cyane-bigizwe na PCBs byujuje ibyifuzo byihariye bya porogaramu zabo.
5.Ibintu ugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhitamo Rigid-Flex PCB Iboneza
Mugihe uhisemo ibice bya PCB bigoye cyane, hari ibintu byinshi ugomba gusuzuma kugirango ukore neza kandi wizewe. Dore ibintu bitanu byingenzi ugomba kuzirikana:
Ubunyangamugayo bw'ikimenyetso:
Guhitamo iboneza rya stackup birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubimenyetso bya PCB. Ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso byoroshye bishobora kugira imiterere itandukanye ugereranije nuburyo bukomeye. Nibyingenzi guhitamo ibice bya stackup bigabanya gutakaza ibimenyetso, kwambukiranya, hamwe no kudahuza. Uburyo bukwiye bwo kugenzura inzitizi zigomba gukoreshwa kugirango ubungabunge ibimenyetso muri PCB.
Ibisabwa guhinduka:
Urwego rwo guhinduka rusabwa PCB ni ngombwa kwitabwaho. Porogaramu zitandukanye zishobora kugira ibyifuzo bitandukanye byo kugunama no kunama. Ibikoresho bya stackup bigomba guhitamo kugirango byoroherezwe guhinduka mugihe PCB yujuje ibyangombwa byose byubukanishi namashanyarazi. Umubare nuburyo byateganijwe bigomba kugenwa neza ukurikije ibikenewe byihariye.
Inzitizi zo mu kirere:
Umwanya uboneka mubicuruzwa cyangwa igikoresho urashobora guhindura cyane guhitamo iboneza rya stack-up. Igishushanyo mbonera gifite umwanya muto wa PCB gishobora gusaba ibice byinshi bigizwe na flex-iboneza kugirango ikoreshwe cyane. Kurundi ruhande, ibishushanyo binini byemerera guhinduka mugihe uhisemo ibishushanyo mbonera. Gutezimbere gutondekanya kugirango uhuze umwanya uhari utabangamiye imikorere cyangwa kwizerwa ni ngombwa.
Gucunga Ubushyuhe:
Gucunga neza ubushyuhe nibyingenzi mukurinda ubushyuhe kwiyongera, bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere no kwizerwa byumuzunguruko nibigize. Guhitamo iboneza rya stackup bigomba gufata ubushyuhe bwo kuzirikana. Kurugero, niba PCB itanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, birashobora gusaba imiterere ifasha gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, nko gushiramo ibyuma cyangwa gukoresha amashanyarazi. Ibikoresho byo gushyushya bigomba no gushyirwa mubikorwa kugirango bigabanye ubushyuhe neza.
Ibitekerezo byo guhimba no guterana:
Ibikoresho bya stack-up byatoranijwe bigomba kuba byoroshye guhimba no guteranya. Ibintu nko koroshya inganda, guhuza nibikorwa byo gukora hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryo guteranya, hamwe no kubona ibikoresho bikwiye bigomba gutekerezwa. Kurugero, ibishushanyo bimwe bimwe bishobora gusaba ubuhanga bwihariye bwo gukora cyangwa birashobora kugira aho bigarukira mubikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa. Gukorana nu ruganda rwa PCB hakiri kare mugushushanya ni ngombwa kugirango harebwe niba ibyatoranijwe byatoranijwe bishobora gukorwa kandi bigateranyirizwa hamwe.
Mugusuzuma witonze ibi bintu bitanu, injeniyeri arashobora gufata icyemezo cyerekeranye no guhitamo ibice bya PCB bigoye. Birasabwa cyane gukorana ninzobere mu gukora no guteranya kugirango harebwe niba ibyatoranijwe byatoranijwe byujuje ibyangombwa byose byashizweho kandi bihuye nibikorwa. Guhitamo stackup kugirango ukemure ibimenyetso byubuziranenge, guhinduka, imbogamizi zumwanya, imicungire yubushyuhe hamwe nibitekerezo byo gukora bizavamo igisubizo gikomeye kandi cyizewe gikomeye-cyoroshye PCB.
6.Gena ibitekerezo kubitekerezo bya PCB byoroshye
Mugihe utegura PCB igoye cyane, hari ibintu byinshi byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma kugirango ukore neza kandi wizewe. Hano haribintu bitanu byingenzi byateganijwe:
Ikwirakwizwa ry'Urwego na Symmetry:
Gukwirakwiza ibice muri stackup ningirakamaro kugirango ugere ku buringanire no guhuza ibishushanyo. Ibi bifasha gukumira ibibazo cyangwa gukemura mugihe cyo kunama. Birasabwa kugira umubare umwe wibice kuri buri ruhande rwibibaho bya flex hanyuma ugashyira flex layer hagati ya stack. Ibi bituma habaho gukwirakwiza impagarara kandi bikagabanya ingaruka zo gutsindwa.
Umugozi na Kurikirana Imiterere:
Imiterere yinsinga hamwe nibisobanuro kuri PCB bigomba gusuzumwa neza. Guhinduranya insinga hamwe nibisobanuro bigomba gutegurwa kugirango ugabanye imihangayiko kandi wirinde kwangirika mugihe cyo kunama. Birasabwa kunyuza insinga zoroshye cyane hamwe nibisobanuro kure yakarere gahangayikishijwe cyane, nko hafi yunamye cyangwa ingingo. Mubyongeyeho, gukoresha inguni zegeranye aho gukoresha inguni zikarishye birashobora kugabanya guhangayika no kunoza imikorere ya PCB.
Indege zubutaka nimbaraga:
Ikwirakwizwa ryindege nimbaraga ni ngombwa cyane kugirango ubungabunge ibimenyetso byukuri no gukwirakwiza ingufu. Birasabwa gutanga indege nubutaka byabugenewe kugirango bitange ingufu zingana kandi zihamye muri PCB. Izi nzego nazo zikora nka electromagnetic intervention (EMI) ingabo. Guhagarara neza kubutaka hamwe na vias zidoda ningirakamaro mukugabanya inzitizi zubutaka no kunoza imikorere ya EMI.
Isesengura ry'ubunyangamugayo bw'ikimenyetso:
Ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso nibyingenzi mubikorwa bisanzwe bya PCB. Ibimenyetso by'ibimenyetso bigomba gutegurwa neza kugirango hagabanuke inzitizi, inzira nyabagendwa, n'ibimenyetso byerekana. Abashushanya PCB bagomba gukoresha ibikoresho bya software kugirango bakore isesengura ryuburinganire bwibimenyetso kugirango bahindure ubugari bwumwanya nintera, bagumane inzitizi igenzurwa, kandi barebe ko ubunyangamugayo bwibimenyetso muri PCB ikomeye.
Ibice byoroshye kandi bigoramye:
Ibice byoroshye kandi bikomeye bya PCB bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye muburyo bwo guhinduka no kugonda. Birakenewe gusobanura no kwerekana ahantu runaka kubice byoroshye kandi bikomeye. Agace ka flex kagomba guhinduka kuburyo buhagije kugirango habeho radiyo isabwa itiriwe ushimangira ibimenyetso cyangwa ibice. Tekinike yo gushimangira nkimbavu cyangwa polymer yambarwa irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango wongere imbaraga za mashini hamwe nubwizerwe bwibice byoroshye.
Urebye ibyo bishushanyo mbonera, injeniyeri zirashobora guteza imbere byimazeyo PC-stackups. Nibyingenzi gukorana nabakora PCB kugirango basobanukirwe ubushobozi bwabo, amahitamo yibintu, hamwe nubushobozi buke. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, kwinjiza itsinda ryabakora hakiri kare mugushushanya birashobora gufasha gukemura ibibazo byose byakozwe kandi bikanemeza neza kuva mubishushanyo mbonera. Mu kwitondera gukwirakwiza ibice, kugendagenda no gushakisha, indege zubutaka nimbaraga, uburinganire bwibimenyetso hamwe nuduce tworoshye, abashushanya barashobora gukora PCBs zizewe kandi zuzuye.
7.Ikoranabuhanga ryibishushanyo mbonera bya pcb byoroshye
Mugihe cyo gushushanya imbaho zikomeye, tekinoroji yo gushushanya igira uruhare runini mugukora neza no kwizerwa. Hano hari uburyo bune bwibanze bwo gushushanya:
Urumuri rukurikiranye:
Gukurikirana bikurikiranye ni tekinoroji ikoreshwa muburyo bukomeye bwo gukora. Muri ubu buryo, ibice bitandukanye kandi byoroshye bikozwe bitandukanye hanyuma bigashyirwa hamwe. Ibice bya Rigid mubisanzwe bikozwe hifashishijwe FR4 cyangwa ibikoresho bisa, mugihe ibice byoroshye bikozwe hakoreshejwe polyimide cyangwa substrate isa nayo. Urumuri rukurikiranye rutanga ihinduka ryinshi muguhitamo ibice no kubyimbye, bigatuma habaho kugenzura byinshi kumashanyarazi na mashini ya PCB. Kubona Kubiri Kubiri:
Muburyo bubiri bwo kumurika, vias ziracukurwa mubice bigoye kandi byoroshye kugirango byemere kugera kumpande zombi za PCB. Iri koranabuhanga ritanga ihinduka ryinshi mugushira ibice no gukurikirana inzira. Ifasha kandi gukoresha viasi ihumye kandi yashyinguwe, ifasha kugabanya kubara no kunoza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso. Imiyoboro ibiri-ya lamination ni ingirakamaro cyane mugihe dushushanya ibintu bigoye PCBs ifite ibice byinshi kandi bigabanya umwanya muto.
Z-axis ifata neza:
Z-axis ifata ibyuma bifashisha mugushiraho imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi hagati yurwego rukomeye nigikoresho cyoroshye muburyo bukomeye. Bikoreshwa hagati yimyenda ikora kumurongo woroshye hamwe nudupapuro duhuye kurwego rukomeye. Ibifatika birimo ibice byayobora bikora inzira ziyobora iyo bigabanijwe hagati yabyo mugihe cyo kumurika. Z-axis iyobora itanga amashanyarazi yizewe mugihe ukomeza PCB guhinduka hamwe nuburinganire bwubukanishi.
Ibikoresho bya Hybrid:
Muburyo bwa Hybrid stacking iboneza, ihuriro ryibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye bikoreshwa mugukora igikoresho cyihariye. Ibi bifasha abashushanya guhuza imiterere ya PCB hashingiwe kubisabwa byihariye. Kurugero, ibice bigoye birashobora gukoreshwa mugushiraho ibice no gutanga ubukanishi, mugihe ibice byoroshye bishobora gukoreshwa muguhuza ibimenyetso mubice bikenewe guhinduka. Ibikoresho bya Hybrid bitondekanya bitanga abashushanya urwego rwohejuru rwo guhinduka no kwihitiramo ibishushanyo mbonera bya PCB bigoye.
Mugukoresha ubwo buhanga bwo gushushanya, abashushanya barashobora gukora PCBs zikomeye kandi zikora. Nyamara, ni ngombwa gukorana bya hafi nuwakoze PCB kugirango tumenye neza ko ikoranabuhanga ryatoranijwe rihuye nubushobozi bwabo bwo gukora. Itumanaho hagati yitsinda ryabashushanyo ninganda ningirakamaro mugukemura ibibazo byose bishoboka no kwemeza impinduka nziza kuva mubishushanyo bijya mubikorwa. Hamwe nubuhanga bukwiye bwo gushushanya, abashushanya barashobora kugera kumashanyarazi asabwa, guhuza imashini no kwizerwa muri PCBs ikomeye.
8.Iterambere ryoroshye rya PCB lamination yiterambere
Iterambere mu buhanga bukomeye bwa PCB lamination tekinoroji ryateye intambwe igaragara mubice bitandukanye. Dore ibice bine byiterambere rigaragara:
Guhanga udushya:
Iterambere ryibikoresho siyanse ryorohereje iterambere ryibikoresho bishya byubatswe byabugenewe byumwihariko kubibaho bikomeye. Ibi bikoresho bitanga guhinduka, kuramba, no kurwanya ubushyuhe nubushuhe. Kubintu byoroshye, ibikoresho nka polyimide na fluid kristal polymer (LCP) bitanga ihinduka ryiza mugukomeza ibintu byamashanyarazi. Kubice bikomeye, ibikoresho nka FR4 hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa laminate birashobora gutanga ibikenewe kandi byizewe. Imirongo icapye ya 3D:
Ubuhanga bwo gucapa 3D bwahinduye inganda nyinshi, harimo no gukora PCB. Ubushobozi bwo gucapa 3D ibyerekezo byerekana neza kuri substrate yoroheje itanga uburyo bukomeye kandi bugoye bwa PCB. Tekinoroji yorohereza prototyping yihuse no kuyitunganya, ituma abashushanya gukora ibintu byihariye kandi bigahuza ibice muburyo bworoshye. Gukoresha imiyoboro ya 3D icapye muri rigid-flex PCBs byongera igishushanyo mbonera kandi bigabanya iterambere ryiterambere.
Ibikoresho byoroshye byinjizwamo:
Iyindi terambere ryingenzi mu buhanga bwa lamination ni uguhuza mu buryo butaziguye ibice mu buryo bworoshye bwa PCB ikomeye. Mugushiramo ibice nka résistoriste, capacator ndetse na microcontrollers muri substrate yoroheje, abashushanya barashobora kurushaho kugabanya ubunini bwa PCB no kunoza ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso. Iri koranabuhanga rituma ibishushanyo mbonera byoroheje kandi byoroheje, bigatuma biba byiza kubisabwa bifite umwanya muto.
Ikimenyetso cyihuta cyihuta:
Mugihe icyifuzo cyitumanaho ryihuse gikomeje kwiyongera, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya lamination rituma ibyuma byihuta byihuta byihuta muri PCBs byoroshye. Koresha tekinoroji igezweho nko kugenzurwa ninzitizi, guhuza ibice bitandukanye, hamwe na microstrip cyangwa ibishushanyo mbonera kugirango ukomeze uburinganire bwibimenyetso kandi ugabanye gutakaza ibimenyetso. Ibishushanyo mbonera byerekana kandi ingaruka zo guhuza, kunyuramo, no kwerekana ibimenyetso. Gukoresha ibikoresho kabuhariwe nuburyo bwo gukora bifasha kugera kumikorere yihuse ya PCBs ikomeye.
Iterambere rikomeje mu ikoranabuhanga rikomeye rya flex lamination rifasha iterambere ryibikoresho byoroshye, byoroshye, kandi byuzuye-ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Iterambere mu guhanga udushya, imiyoboro ya 3D icapye, ibice byinjizwamo byoroshye kandi byihuta byerekana ibimenyetso byihuta bitanga abashushanya ibintu byoroshye kandi bafite amahirwe yo gukora udushya kandi twizewe dukomeye kandi twizewe. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, abashushanya n'ababikora bagomba gukomeza kuvugururwa no gukorera hamwe kugirango bungukire kumajyambere agezweho kandi bagere kubikorwa byiza bya PCB byoroshye.
Muri make,gushushanya no guhitamo neza rigid-flex PCB igizwe na stackup ni ngombwa kugirango ugere ku mikorere myiza, kwizerwa, no guhinduka. Urebye ibintu nkibimenyetso byerekana ubuziranenge, ibisabwa guhinduka hamwe nimbogamizi zogukora, abashushanya barashobora guhuza stackup kugirango bahuze ibyifuzo byabo byihariye. Iterambere rihoraho mubikoresho byikoranabuhanga bitanga amahirwe menshi yo kuzamura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ibikoresho bishya bya substrate bigenewe gukomera-byoroshye PCBs bitezimbere guhinduka, kuramba, hamwe nubushyuhe nubushyuhe. Mubyongeyeho, kwinjiza ibice bitaziguye muri flex layer irushaho kugabanya ubunini nuburemere bwa PCB, bigatuma bikenerwa na porogaramu zifite umwanya muto. Byongeye kandi, iterambere mu buhanga bwa lamination ritanga amahirwe ashimishije. Gukoresha tekinoroji yo gucapa 3D irashobora gutuma ibishushanyo mbonera bigorana kandi bikorohereza prototyping byihuse no kuyitunganya.
Byongeye kandi, iterambere mu buhanga bwihuta bwo gukoresha inzira ya tekinoroji ituma PCBs ihindagurika cyane kugirango igere ku itumanaho ryiza kandi ryizewe.
Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, abashushanya bagomba gukomeza kumenya iterambere rigezweho kandi bagakorana cyane nababikora. Mugukoresha iterambere mubikoresho nubuhanga bwo gukora, abashushanya barashobora gukora udushya kandi twizewe dukomeye-flex PCB kugirango ihuze ibikenerwa ninganda za elegitoroniki zihora zihinduka. Hamwe nisezerano ryo kuzamura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ejo hazaza h'ibikoresho bikomeye bya PCB bisa neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-12-2023
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