Umutekano Kamera Prototyping: Ubuyobozi Bwuzuye Kubushakashatsi bwa PCB

Intangiriro:

Muri iyi si yihuta cyane, kamera z'umutekano zahindutse igice cyingenzi cyo kurinda ingo zacu, ubucuruzi ndetse n’ahantu hahurira abantu benshi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, ni nako hakenerwa sisitemu yumutekano igezweho kandi ikora neza. Niba ukunda electronics kandi ushishikajwe na sisitemu z'umutekano, ushobora kwibaza uti:“Nshobora gukora prototype ya PCB ya kamera y'umutekano?” Igisubizo ni yego, kandi muriyi blog, tuzakunyura munzira zagenewe cyane cyane kamera yumutekano PCB (icapiro ryumuzingo wacapwe) igishushanyo mbonera hamwe na prototyping.

Wige ibyibanze: PCB ni iki?

Mbere yo gucengera muburyo bukomeye bwa kamera yumutekano PCB prototyping, ni ngombwa kugira ubumenyi bwibanze kubyo PCB aribyo. Muri make, PCB ikora nkumugongo wibikoresho bya elegitoronike, ikabihuza hamwe muburyo bwa mashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi kugirango ibe uruziga rukora. Itanga urubuga ruciriritse kandi rutunganijwe kugirango ibice bigomba gushyirwaho, bityo bigabanye umurego wumuzingi mugihe byongera ubwizerwe.

Gutegura PCB ya Kamera Yumutekano:

1. Igishushanyo mbonera:

Intambwe yambere muri prototyping kamera yumutekano PCB itangirana nigishushanyo mbonera. Menya ibintu byihariye ushaka kongeramo, nkibisubizo, iyerekwa rya nijoro, gutahura icyerekezo, cyangwa imikorere ya PTZ (pan-tilt-zoom). Kora ubushakashatsi kuri sisitemu yumutekano isanzwe kugirango ubone inspiration nibitekerezo byawe bwite.

2. Igishushanyo mbonera:

Nyuma yo gutekereza ku gishushanyo, intambwe ikurikira ni ugukora igishushanyo. Igishushanyo nigishushanyo cyerekana uruziga rw'amashanyarazi, rwerekana uburyo ibice bifitanye isano. Koresha ibikoresho bya software nka Altium Designer, Eagle PCB cyangwa KiCAD mugushushanya no kwigana imiterere ya PCB. Menya neza ko igishushanyo cyawe gikubiyemo ibintu byose nkenerwa nka sensor sensor, microcontrollers, power power, and connectors.

3. Igishushanyo mbonera cya PCB:

Igishushanyo kimaze kurangira, igihe kirageze cyo kubihindura muburyo bwa PCB. Iki cyiciro kirimo gushyira ibice ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko no guhuza imiyoboro ikenewe hagati yabo. Mugihe utegura imiterere ya PCB, tekereza kubintu nkuburinganire bwibimenyetso, kugabanya urusaku, no gucunga ubushyuhe. Menya neza ko ibice byashyizwe mubikorwa kugirango ugabanye ibirangaza kandi unoze imikorere.

4. Umusaruro wa PCB:

Umaze kunyurwa nigishushanyo cya PCB, igihe kirageze cyo kubaka ikibaho. Kohereza dosiye ya Gerber ikubiyemo amakuru akenewe nababikora kugirango bakore PCBs. Hitamo uruganda rwizewe rwa PCB rushobora kuzuza ibisabwa byubushakashatsi. Muri iki gikorwa, witondere amakuru yingenzi nka stackup layer, uburebure bwumuringa, hamwe na mask yo kugurisha, kuko ibyo bintu bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yibicuruzwa byanyuma.

5. Inteko n'ibizamini:

Umaze kwakira PCB yawe yahimbwe, igihe kirageze cyo guteranya ibice kurubaho. Inzira ikubiyemo kugurisha ibice bitandukanye nkibikoresho byerekana amashusho, microcontrollers, umuhuza, hamwe nubushakashatsi kuri PCB. Inteko imaze kurangira, gerageza neza imikorere ya PCB kugirango urebe ko ibice byose bikora nkuko byari byitezwe. Niba hari ibibazo byagaragaye, bikosore mbere yo gukomeza intambwe ikurikira.

6. Gutezimbere porogaramu:

Kuzana PCB mubuzima, iterambere rya software ni ngombwa. Ukurikije ubushobozi nibiranga kamera yumutekano wawe, urashobora gukenera gukora software igenzura ibintu nko gutunganya amashusho, algorithms yimikorere, cyangwa kodegisi ya videwo. Hitamo imvugo ikwiye ya microcontroller hanyuma ukoreshe IDE (Integrated Development Environment) nka Arduino cyangwa MPLAB X kugirango utegure porogaramu.

7. Kwishyira hamwe kwa sisitemu:

Iyo porogaramu imaze gutezwa imbere neza, PCB irashobora kwinjizwa muri sisitemu yumutekano yuzuye. Ibi bikubiyemo guhuza PCB na periferi ikenewe nka lens, amazu, amatara ya IR n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Menya neza ko amasano yose afunze kandi ahujwe neza. Ikizamini kinini kirakorwa kugirango hamenyekane imikorere nubwizerwe bwa sisitemu ihuriweho.

Mu gusoza:

Gukoresha PCB kuri kamera yumutekano bisaba guhuza ubumenyi bwa tekiniki, guhanga, no kwitondera amakuru arambuye. Ukurikije intambwe zavuzwe muriyi blog, urashobora guhindura ibitekerezo byawe mubyukuri hanyuma ugakora prototype ikora sisitemu yumutekano wawe. Wibuke ko igishushanyo mbonera na prototyping bishobora kuba birimo itera no kunonosora kugeza ibisubizo byifuzwa bigerweho. Hamwe no kwiyemeza no kwihangana, urashobora gutanga umusanzu murwego rwo gukura kwama sisitemu yumutekano. Ibyiza bya prototyping!